The research of Achim Menges explores an alternative, morphogenetic approach to design that unfolds morphological complexity and performative capacity from material constituents without differentiating between formation and materialisation processes. This requires an understanding of form, material, structure and environment not as separate aspects, but rather as complex interrelations that are embedded in and explored through integral computational processes.

The notion of material system constitutes one central aspect of this research. Material system does not only refer to the material constituents of a building alone, but rather describes, in a system-theoretical sense, the complex reciprocity between materiality, form, structure and space, the related processes of production and assembly, and the multitude of performative effects that emanate from the interaction with environmental influences and forces. This conceptualization of material systems enables the utilization of computational design processes. The ability of computation to simultaneously do both, stochastically derive and systemically process complex datasets within a defined or evolving constraint space, can be utilized to explore a material system’s performative capacity within its materially determined limits. Furthermore, continuously informing the form generation with different modes of computational analysis enables a direct link between the ontogeny, the history of structural changes of an individual, and its interaction with external forces and energy respectively, that is its ecological embedding. This enables to conceive of material systems as the synergetic outcome of calibrating and balancing multiple influencing variables and divergent design criteria, which always already include the interaction with the system-external environment. The resultant environmental modulations can now be understood as highly specific patterns in direct relation to the material interventions from which they originate.

The design of space, structure and climate can be synthesized in integrative computational design processes.

Project Documentation ICD/ITKE:

>> Video: Production Start
>> Video: Dry Run
>> Video: Prototyping

ICD/ITKE RESEARCH PAVILION 2012

In November 2012 the Institute for Computational Design (ICD) and the Institute of Building Structures and Structural Design (ITKE) at the University of Stuttgart have completed a research pavilion that is entirely robotically fabricated from carbon and glass fibre composites. This interdisciplinary project, conducted by architectural and engineering researchers of both institutes together with students of the faculty and in collaboration with biologists of the University of Tübingen, investigates the possible interrelation between biomimetic design strategies and novel processes of robotic production. The research focused on the material and morphological principles of arthropods’ exoskeletons as a source of exploration for a new composite construction paradigm in architecture.

At the core of the project is the development of an innovative robotic fabrication process within the context of the building industry based on filament winding of carbon and glass fibres and the related computational design tools and simulation methods. A key aspect of the project was to transfer the fibrous morphology of the biological role model to fibre-reinforced composite materials, the anisotropy of which was integrated from the start into the computer-based design and simulation processes, thus leading to new tectonic possibilities in architecture. The integration of the form generation methods, the computational simulations and robotic manufacturing, specifically allowed the development of a high performance structure: the pavilion requires only a shell thickness of four millimetres of composite laminate while spanning eight metres.

BIOLOGICAL MODEL

Following a “bottom-up” approach, a wide range of different subtypes of invertebrates were initially investigated in regards to the material anisotropy and functional morphology of arthropods. The observed biological principles were analysed and abstracted in order to be subsequently transferred into viable design principles for architectural applications. The exoskeleton of the lobster (Homarus americanus) was analysed in greater detail for its local material differentiation, which finally served as the biological role model of the project.
The lobster’s exoskeleton (the cuticle) consists of a soft part, the endocuticle, and a relatively hard layer, the exocuticle. The cuticle is a secretion product in which chitin fibrils are embedded in a protein matrix. The specific differentiation of the position and orientation of the fibres and related material properties respond to specific local requirements. The chitin fibres are incorporated in the matrix by forming individual unidirectional layers. In the areas where a non-directional load transfer is required, such individual layers are laminated together in a spiral (helicoidal) arrangement. The resulting isotropic fibre structure allows a uniform load distribution in every direction. On the other hand, areas which are subject to directional stress distributions exhibit a unidirectional layer structure, displaying an anisotropic fibre assembly which is optimized for a directed load transfer. Due to this local material differentiation, the shell creates a highly adapted and efficient structure. The abstracted morphological principles of locally adapted fibre orientation constitute the basis for the computational form generation, material design and manufacturing process of the pavilion.

TRANSFER OF BIOMIMETIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES

In collaboration with the biologists, the fibre orientation, fibre arrangement and associated layer thickness and stiffness gradients in the exoskeleton of the lobster were carefully investigated. The high efficiency and functional variation of the cuticle is due to a specific combination of exoskeletal form, fibre orientation and matrix. These principles were applied to the design of a robotically fabricated shell structure based on a fibre composite system in which the resin-saturated glass and carbon fibres were continuously laid by a robot, resulting in a compounded structure with custom fibre orientation.

In existing fibre placement techniques, e.g. in the aero-space industry or advanced sail production, the fibres are typically laid on a separately manufactured positive mold. Since the construction of a complete positive formwork is fairly unsuitable for the building industry, the project aimed to reduce the positive form to a minimum. As a consequence, the fibres were laid on a temporary lightweight, linear steel frame with defined anchor points between which the fibres were tensioned. From the straight segments of the prestressed fibres, surfaces emerge that result in the characteristic double curved shape of the pavilion. In this way the hyperbolic paraboloid surfaces resulting from the first sequence of glass fibre winding serve as an integral mould for the subsequent carbon and glass fibre layers with their specific structural purposes and load bearing properties. In other words, the pavilion itself establishes the positive formwork as part of the robotic fabrication sequence. Moreover, during the fabrication process it was possible to place the fibres so that their orientation is optimally aligned with the force flow in the skin of the pavilion. Fibre optic sensors, which continuously monitor the stress and strain variations, were also integrated in the structure. The project’s concurrent consideration of shell geometry, fibre arrangement and fabrication process leads to a novel synthesis of form, material, structure and performance.

Through this high level of integration the fundamental properties of biological structures were transferred:

• Heterogeneity: six different filament winding sequences control the variation of the fibre layering and the fibre orientation of the individual layers at each point of the shell. They are designed to minimize material consumption whilst maximizing the stiffness of the structure resulting in significant material efficiency and a very lightweight structure.
• Hierarchy: the glass fibres are mainly used as a spatial partitioning element and serve as the formwork for the following layers, whilst the stiffer carbon fibres contribute primarily to the load transfer and the global stiffness of the system.
• Function integration: in addition to the structural carbon fibres for the load transfer and the glass fibres for the spatial articulation, functional fibres for illumination and structural monitoring can be integrated in the system.

COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN AND ROBOTIC PRODUCTION

A prerequisite for the design, development and realization of the project was a closed, digital information chain linking the project’s model, finite element simulations, material testing and robot control. Form finding, material and structural design were directly integrated in the design process, whereby the complex interaction of form, material, structure and fabrication technology could be used as an integral aspect of the biomimetic design methodology. The direct coupling of geometry and finite element simulations into computational models allowed the generation and comparative analysis of numerous variations. In parallel, the mechanical properties of the fibre composites determined by material testing were included in the process of form generation and material optimization. The optimization of the fibre and layer arrangement through a gradient-based method, allowed the development of a highly efficient structure with minimal use of material.
The robotic fabrication of the research pavilion was performed on-site in a purpose-built, weatherproof manufacturing environment by a 6-axis robot coupled with an external seventh axis. Placed on a 2m high pedestal and reaching an overall working span and height of 4m, the robot placed the fibres on the temporary steel frame, which was actuated in a circular movement by the robotically controlled turntable. As part of the fabrication process the fibres were saturated with resin while running through a resin bath directly prior to the robotic placement. This specific setup made it possible to achieve a structure of approximately 8.0m in diameter and 3.5m height by continuously winding more than 30 kilometres of fibre rovings. The parametric definition of the winding motion paths in relation to the digital geometry model, the robotic motion planning including mathematical coupling with the external axis, as well as the generation of robot control code itself could be implemented in a custom-developed design and manufacturing integrated environment. After completion of the robotic filament winding process and the subsequent tempering of the fibre-resin composite, the temporary steel frame could be disassembled and removed. The remaining, extremely thin shell of just 4mm thickness constitutes an automatically fabricated, but locally differentiated structure.

The concurrent integration of the biomimetic principles of the lobster’s cuticle and the logics of the newly developed robotic carbon and glass fibre filament winding within the computational design process, enable a high level of structural performance and novel tectonic opportunities for architecture. Despite its considerable size and span, the semi-transparent skin of the pavilion weighs less than 320kg and reveals the system’s structural logic through the spatial arrangement of the carbon and glass fibres. The synthesis of novel modes of computational and material design, digital simulation and robotic fabrication allows both the exploration of a new repertoire of architectural possibilities and the development of extremely lightweight and materially efficient structures.

ICD Institute for Computational Design – Prof. Achim Menges
ITKE Institute of Building Structures and Structural Design – Prof. Jan Knippers

Concept Development

Jakob Weigele, Manuel Schloz

System Development & Realization

Sarah Haase, Markus Mittner, Josephine Ross, Manuel Schloz, Jonas Unger, Simone Vielhuber, Franziska Weidemann, Jakob Weigele, Natthida Wiwatwicha with the support of Michael Preisack, Michael Tondera (Faculty of Architecture Workshop)

Scientific Development & Project Management

Riccardo La Magna (structural design), Steffen Reichert (detail design), Tobias Schwinn (robotic fabrication), Frédéric Waimer (fibre composite technology & structural design)

In collaboration with

University of Tuebingen
Departement of Evolutionary Biology of Invertebrates – Prof. Oliver Betz
Departement of Palaeontology of Invertebrates – Prof. James Nebelsick
ITV Denkendorf – Dr.-Ing. Markus Milwich

Funding

KUKA Roboter GmbH
Competence Network Biomimetics
SGL Group
Momentive

AFBW – Allianz Faserbasierte Werkstoffe Baden-Württemberg
FBGS Technologies GmbH
MFTech SARL
Minda Schenk Plastic Solutions GmbH
Stiftungen LBBW
Südwestbank AG
Wayss & Freytag Ingenieurbau AG

Achim Menges, born 1975, is a registered architect and professor at University of Stuttgart where he is the founding director of the Institute for Computational Design (since 2008). In addition, he has been Visiting Professor in Architecture at Harvard University’s Graduate School of Design (2009-10), at the AA School of Architecture in London (2009-current) and at Rice University in Houston (2004).

He graduated with honors from the AA School of Architecture in London (2002) where he subsequently taught as Studio Master of the Emergent Technologies and Design Graduate Program (2002-09) and as Unit Master of Diploma Unit 4 (2003-06). He also was Professor for Form Generation and Materialisation at the HfG Offenbach University for Art and Design in Germany (2005-08).

Achim Menges practice and research focuses on the development of integral design processes at the intersection of morphogenetic design computation, biomimetic engineering and computer aided manufacturing that enables a highly articulated, performative built environment. His work is based on an interdisciplinary approach in collaboration with structural engineers, computer scientists, material scientists and biologists. Achim Menges has published several books on this work and related fields of design research, and he is the author/coauthor of numerous articles and scientific papers. His projects and design research has received many international awards, has been published and exhibited worldwide, and form parts of several renowned museum collections.

Achim Menges is a member of several international research evaluation boards and a member of numerous scientific committees of leading peer-reviewed international journals and conferences.

achimmenges.net provides an online display of both Achim Menges’ works and selected design research projects conducted at numerous academic institutions.

> List of Publications
> List of Lectures

Phone
Tel. +49 (0) 69 9550431 0
Fax. +49 (0) 69 9550431 10

E-Mail
mail@achimmenges.net

HYGROSCOPE – METEOROSENSITIVE MORPHOLOGY
Achim Menges in collaboration with Steffen Reichert, Centre Pompidou, Paris, 2012

The project explores a novel mode of responsive architecture based on the combination of material inherent behaviour and computational morphogenesis. The dimensional instability of wood in relation to moisture content is employed to construct a climate responsive architectural morphology. Suspended within a humidity controlled glass case the model opens and closes in response to climate changes with no need for any technical equipment or energy. Mere fluctuations in relative humidity trigger the silent changes of material-innate movement. The material structure itself is the machine.

The project was commissioned by the Centre Pompidou Paris for its permanent collection and will be first shown in the exhibition “Multiversités Créatives“ starting on 2nd of May 2012.

 

PROJECT CONCEPT

Climate-responsiveness in architecture is typically conceived as a technical function enabled by myriad mechanical and electronic sensing, actuating and regulating devices. In contrast to this superimposition of high-tech equipment on otherwise inert material, nature suggests a fundamentally different, no-tech strategy: In many biological systems the responsive capacity is quite literally ingrained in the material itself.

This project employs similar design strategies of physically programming a material system that neither requires any kind of mechanical or electronic control, nor the supply of external energy. Here material computes form in feedback with the environment.

The meteorosensitive morphology floats in a fully transparent glass case. Within the case the climate corresponds to an accelerated database of the relative humidity in Paris. In this way, the case functions less as a separation from the interior space of the Centre Pompidou, arguably one of the most stable climate zones in the world, but rather provides a virtual connection to the outside, showing the subtle variations in humidity levels that we hardly ever consciously perceive through the system’s silent movement. These cyclic changes are interspersed with spontaneous climate events triggered by threshold transitions within a second data set of visitor vapour emission.

The resultant autonomous, passive actuation of the surface provides for a unique convergence of environmental and spatial experience. The perception of the delicate locally varied and ever changing environmental dynamics is intensified through the subtle and silent movement of the meteorosensitive architectural morphology. The changing surface literally embodies the capacity to sense, actuate and react, all within the material itself.

SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT

The project is based on more than five years of design research on climate responsive architectural systems that do not require any sensory equipment, motor functions or even energy. Here, the responsive capacity is ingrained in the material’s hygroscopic behaviour and anisotropic characteristics. Anisotropy denotes the directional dependence of a material’s characteristics, in this case the different physical properties of wood in relation to grain directionality. Hygroscopicity refers to a substance’s ability to take in moisture from the atmosphere when dry and yield moisture to the atmosphere when wet, thereby maintaining a moisture content in equilibrium with the surrounding relative humidity.

In the process of adsorption and desorption of moisture the material changes physically, as water molecules become bonded to the material molecules. The increase or decrease of bound water changes the distance between the microfibrils in the wood cell tissue, resulting in both a change in strength due to interfibrillar bonding and a significant decrease in overall dimension. Given the right morphological articulation, this dimensional change can be employed to trigger the shape change of a responsive element.

This enables to employ simple wood, one of the oldest and most common construction materials, as a climate-responsive, natural composite that can be physically programmed to compute different shapes in response to changes in relative humidity.

MICROCLIMATIC MODULATION

The system responds to relative humidity changes within its microenvironment of the glass case. When the humidity level rises, the system changes its surface porosity to breathe and ventilate the moisture saturated air. The climate changes within the case directly influence the systems behaviour.

The Centre Pompidou building is emblematic for a controlled architectural division between interior and exterior climate. In fact, the building celebrates the very technology that maintains the stable interior climate as one of its key architectural features. Within this highly controlled volume of the Centre Pompidou the little glass case serves as a container that allows transferring the continuous unfolding of exterior climatic events to the interior of the building. In this way it suggests how an architecture based on the intrinsic behavioural capacity of a material mediates between interior and exterior climates rather than separating them.

The humidifier and dehumidifier technology enclosed within the case’s base regulates the climate driven by two datasets. One is the record of changing relative humidity levels of Paris. The acceleration of these daily climatic variations to hourly changes in combination with the systems surface response allows experiencing the subtle environmental differences and the heterogeneity of microclimatic conditions that usually escape our spatial perception. The second dataset affects the absolute humidity within the case. Based on the number of visitors a proportional amount of the humidity that they emit (approx. 100g per hour per person) will be spontaneously released triggering the unpredictable unfolding of local climatic events, causing nonlinear and complex behavioural response patterns of the system.

COMPUTATIONAL MORPHOGENESIS

For this project the computational design research and the related development of the generative code is as important as the material system research. The way machine computation is used to generate the system is directly related to the way material computation is employed to enable the system’s responsiveness. The data for physically programming the behaviour of the system during the fabrication process corresponds with digitally programming the code that unfolds the systems morphology. Thus computation and materialisation are inherently and inseparably related.

The system consists of custom developed elements made from a combination of quarter-cut maple veneer and synthetic composites. More than 4000 geometrically unique elements are digitally fabricated and the complex substructure is robotically manufactured. The composite system elements can be programmed to materially compute different shapes within variable humidity response ranges by adjusting the following five parameters: [i] the fibre directionality, [ii] the layout of the natural and synthetic composite, [iii] the length-width-thickness ratio and [iv] geometry of the element and especially [v] the humidity control during the production process.

The computational design process is based on these system-intrinsic variables and system extrinsic environmental data. An algorithm iteratively scans various fields of environmental intensities within the simulated environment of the glass case and provides the input data for a custom scripted process of computational morphogenesis. Mimicking the dynamics of ontogenetic development a recursive algorithm derives the system through striated linear growth patterns cumulating in cellular arrangements in climatically instable regions.

 

PROJECT TEAM

Achim Menges Architect, Frankfurt
Prof. Achim Menges, Steffen Reichert, Boyan Mihaylov
(Project Development, Design Development)

Institute for Computational Design, University of Stuttgart
Prof. Achim Menges, Steffen Reichert, Nicola Burggraf, Tobias Schwinn with Claudio Calandri, Nicola Haberbosch, Oliver Krieg, Marielle Neuser, Viktoriya Nikolova, Paul Schmidt
(Design Development, Scientific Development, Robotic Fabrication, Assembly)

Transsolar Climate Engineering, Stuttgart
Thomas Auer, Daniel Pianka
(Climate Engineering)

PROJECT FUNDING

Centre Pompidou Paris
Rubner Holding AG
Glasbau Hahn GmbH
Competence Network Biomimetics
Steelcase Werndl AG

Menges, A. (ed.): 2012, Material Computation – Higher Integration in Morphogenetic Design, Architectural Design, Vol. 82 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. (ISBN: 978 0470973301)

Menges, A., Ahlquist, S. (eds.): 2011, Computational Design Thinking, John Wiley and Sons, London. (ISBN 978-0470665701)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock M.: 2010. Emergent Technologies and Design. Routledge, Oxford. (ISBN 978-0415493437)

Hensel, M., Hight, C., Menges, A. (eds.): 2009, Space Reader: Heterogeneous Space in Architecture, John Wiley and Sons, London. (ISBN 978-0470519424)

Hensel, M., Menges, A. (eds.): 2008, Form Follows Performance: Zur Wechselwirkung von Material, Struktur, Umwelt, ArchPlus No. 188, ArchPlus Verlag, Aachen. (ISSN 05873452)

Menges, A. (ed.): 2008, Systemisches Denken und Integrales Entwerfen – System Thinking and Integral Design, Hochschulverlag HFG Offenbach, Offenbach. (ISBN: 978-3921997697)

Hensel, M., Menges, A. (eds.): 2008, Versatility and Vicissitude: Performance in Morpho-Ecological Design, Architectural Design Vol. 78 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. (ISBN: 978-0470516874)

Hensel, M., Kamvari, O., Menges, A. (eds.): 2008, Performance-Oriented Design: Morpho-Ecological Design, Research and Practice in Architecture, Iranian Architecture Quarterly Vol. 8 No. 31 & 32, Iranian Architecture Publications, Teheran.

Hensel, M., Menges, A. (eds.): 2006, Morpho-Ecologies: Towards a Discourse of Heterogeneous Space in Architecture, AA Publications, London. (ISBN: 190290253X)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock, M. (eds.): 2006, Techniques and Technologies in Morpho-genetic Design, Architectural Design, Vol. 76 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. (ISBN: 0470015292)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock, M. (eds.): 2004, Emergence – Morphogenetic Design Strategies, Architectural Design, Vol. 74 No. 3, Wiley Academy, London. (ISBN: 0470866888)

PAPERS / ARTICLES

Schwinn, T., Krieg, O., Menges, A., Mihaylov, B., Reichert, S.: 2012, Machinic Morphospaces: Biomimetic Design Strategies for the Computational Exploration of Robot Constraint Spaces for Wood Fabrication, in Cabrinha, M., Johnson, J., Steinfeld, K. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA), San Francisco, pp. 157-168. (ISBN 978-1-62407-267-3)

Knippers, J., Menges, A., Gabler, M., La Magna, R., Waimer, F., Reichert S., Schwinn, T.: 2012, From Nature to Fabrication: Biomimetic Design Principles for the Production of Complex Spatial Structures, in Hesselgren, L., Sharma, S., Wallner, J., Baldassini, N., Bompas, P., Raynaud, J. (Eds.), Advances in Architectural Geometry 2012, Springer Wien New York, pp. 107-122. (ISBN 978-3-7091-1250-2)

Menges, A.: 2012, Biomimetic design processes in architecture: morphogenetic and evolutionary computational design, Bioinspiration and Biomimetics, Vol. 7 No. 1. (doi:10.1088/1748-3182/7/1/015003)

Krieg, O.D., Mihaylov, B., Schwinn, T., Reichert S., Menges, A.: 2012, Computational Design of Robotically Manufactured Plate Structures Based on Biomimetic Design Principles Derived from Clypeasteroida, in Achten, H., Pavlicek, J., Hulin, J., Matejdan, D. (eds.), Digital Physicality – Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 531-540. (ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7)

Dierichs, K., Menges, A.: 2012, Material and Machine Computation of Designed Granular Matter: Rigid-Body Dynamics Simulations as a Design Tool for Robotically-Poured Aggregate Structures Consisting of Polygonal Concave Particles, in Achten, H., Pavlicek, J., Hulin, J., Matejdan, D. (eds.), Digital Physicality – Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 711-719. (ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7)

Ladurner, G., Gabler, M., Menges, A., Knippers, J.: 2012, Interactive Form-Finding for Biomimetic Fibre Structures: Development of a Computational Design Tool and Physical Fabrication Technique Based on the Biological Structure of the Lichen, in Achten, H., Pavlicek, J., Hulin, J., Matejdan, D. (eds.), Digital Physicality – Proceedings of the 30th eCAADe Conference, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Architecture (Czech Republic) 12-14 September 2012, pp. 519-529. (ISBN 978-9-4912070-3-7)

Menges A.,: 2012, HygroScope – Meteorosensitive Morphology, Arch Plus, No. 206-207, p. 7. (ISSN: 0587-3452)

Menges A., Reichert, S.: 2012, HygroScope – Meteorosensitive Morphology, Journal Architekten Planer, No. 07/2012, p. 176-177. (ISSN: 1866-8917)

Menges A., Knippers J.: 2012, Von den Seeigeln lernen, Bauen mit Holz, No.6/2012, pp. 24-27. (ISSN: 0005-6545)

Irlwek, M. and Menges, A.: 2012, The extension of Rittel´s methodology in contemporary parametric design, International Journal of Design Sciences and Technology, Vol. 19 No 1, pp. 01-25. (ISSN 1630-7267)

Menges, A.: 2012, Material Computation: Higher Integration in Morphogenetic Design, Architectural Design, Vol. 82 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. pp. 14-21. (ISBN: 978 0470973301)

Menges, A.: 2012, Material Resourcefulness: Activating Material Information in Computational Design, Architectural Design, Vol. 82 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. pp. 34-43. (ISBN: 978 0470973301)

Fleischmann, M., Knippers, J., Lienhard, J., Menges, A. and Schleicher, S.: 2012, Material Behaviour: Embedding Physical Properties in Computational Design Processes, Architectural Design, Vol. 82 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. pp. 44-51. (ISBN: 978 0470973301)

Menges, A., Reichert, S.: 2012, Material Capacity: Embedded Responsiveness, Architectural Design, Vol. 82 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. pp. 52-59. (ISBN: 978 0470973301)

Ahlquist, S., Menges, A.: 2012, Physical Drivers: Synthesis of Evolutionary Developments and Force-Driven Design, Architectural Design, Vol. 82 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. pp. 60-67. (ISBN: 978 0470973301)

Dierichs, K., Menges, A.: 2012, Aggregate Structures: Material and Machine Computation of Designed Granular Substances, Architectural Design, Vol. 82 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. pp. 74-81. (ISBN: 978 0470973301)

Menges, A., Schwinn, T.: 2012, Manufacturing Reciprocities, Architectural Design, Vol. 82 No. 2, Wiley Academy, London. pp. 118-125. (ISBN: 978 0470973301)

Dierichs, K. and Menges, A.: 2012, Material und Machine Computation als Grundlage Experimenteller Ästhetik in der Aggregat Architektur, Kongress-Akten des VIII. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ästhetik 2011, www.dgae.de/kongress-akten.html

Ahlquist, S. and Menges, A.: 2011, Articulated Behavior: Computational Methods for the Generation and Materialization of Complex Force-Active Textile Morphologies, Ambience ‘11 Proceedings, Boras (Sweden) 28-30 November 2011, pp. 13-19. (ISBN 987-91-975576-8-9)

Menges, A.: 2011, Simple Systems – Complex Capacities: Integrative Processes of Computational Morphogenesis in Architecture, TECHNE Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, No. 02/2011, pp. 68-77. (ISSN: 2239-0243)

Menges, A.: 2011, Integrative Design Computation: Integrating Material Behaviour and Robotic Manufacturing Processes in Computational Design for Performative Wood Constructions, Proceedings of the 31th Conference of the Association For Computer Aided Design In Architecture (ACADIA), Banff (Canada) 13-16 October 2011, pp 72-81. (ISBN 978-1613645956)

Ahlquist, S. and Menges, A.: 2011, Behavior-based Computational Design Methodologies – Integrative Processes for Force Defined Material Structures, Integration through Computation, Proceedings of the 31th Conference of the Association For Computer Aided Design In Architecture (ACADIA), Banff (Canada) 13-16 October 2011, pp 82-89. (ISBN 978-1613645956)

Fleischmann, M., Menges, A.: 2011, ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion: A case study of multi-disciplinary computational design. In Gengnagel, C., Kilian, A., Palz, N. and Scheurer, F. (eds.), Computational Design Modeling, Proceedings of the Design Modeling Symposium Berlin, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 239-248. (ISBN: 978-3642234347)

Ahlquist, S. and Menges, A.: 2011, Integration of Behaviour-based Computational and Physical Models: Design Computation and Materialisation of Morphologically Complex Tension-Active Systems. In Gengnagel, C., Kilian, A., Palz, N. and Scheurer, F. (eds.), Computational Design Modeling, Proceedings of the Design Modeling Symposium Berlin, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 259-266. (ISBN: 978-3642234347)

Krieg, O., Dierichs, K., Reichert, S., Schwinn, T. and Menges, A.: 2011, Performative architectural morphology: Finger-joined plate structures integrating robotic manufacturing, biological principles and location-specific requirements. In Gengnagel, C., Kilian, A., Palz, N. and Scheurer, F. (eds.), Computational Design Modeling, Proceedings of the Design Modeling Symposium Berlin, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp. 259-266. (ISBN: 978-3642234347)

Lienhard, J. Fleischmann and Menges, M.: 2011, Computational Design Synthesis: Embedding Material Behaviour in Generative Computational Processes, Proceedings of the 29th eCAADE Conference, Ljubljana (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp. 759-767. (ISBN 978-9491207013)

Spaeth, B. and Menges, A.: 2011, Performative Design for Spatial Acoustics – Concept for an evolutionary design algorithm based on acoustics as design driver, Proceedings of the 29th eCAADE Conference, Ljubljana (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp. 461-468. (ISBN 978-9491207013)

Ahlquist, S. and Menges, A.: 2011, Methodological Approach for the Integration of Material Information and Performance in the Design Computation for Tension-Active Architectural Systems, Proceedings of the 29th eCAADE Conference, Ljubljana (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp. 799-807. (ISBN 978-9491207013)

Krieg, O., Dierichs, K., Reichert, S., Schwinn, T. and Menges, A.: 2011, Performative architectural morphology: Robotically manufactured biomimetic finger-joined plate structures, Proceedings of the 29th eCAADE Conference, Ljubljana (Slovenia) 21-24 September 2011, pp. 573-580. (ISBN 978-9491207013)

Menges, A.: 2011, Polymorphism, Time+Architecture, No. 06/2011, pp. 118-123. (ISSN: 1005-684X)

Menges, A.: 2011, Manufacturing Diversity, Time+Architecture, No. 06/2011, pp. 113-117. (ISSN: 1005-684X)

Ahlquist, S. and Menges, A.: 2011, Computational Design Thinking. In Menges, A., Ahlquist, S. (eds.), Computational Design Thinking, John Wiley and Sons, London. (ISBN 978-0470665701)

Menges, A.: 2011, Integral Formation and Materialisation: Computational Form and Material Gestalt. In Menges, A., Ahlquist, S. (eds.), Computational Design Thinking, John Wiley and Sons, London. (ISBN 978-0470665701)

Menges, A. : 2011, Megabytes de madera: Dei CAD al nuevo Diseno Computacional, Arquitectura Viva, No. 137, pp. 24-27. (ISSN: 0214-1256)

Knippers, J., Menges, A. : 2011, Pabellon ICD/ITKE, Arquitectura Viva, No. 137, pp. 24-27. (ISSN: 0214-1256)

Knippers, J., Menges, A. : 2011, ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2010, in Jodido, P., Temporary Architecture Now, Taschen, Cologne, pp. 206-211. (ISBN: 978-3836523288)

Gabler, M., Knippers, J., La Magna, R., Menges, A., Reichert, S., Schwinn, T., Waimer, F.: 2011, Leichtbau – Prinzip Seeigel, Bauwelt Vol. 102, No. 31/2011, pp. 20-21. (ISSN: 0005-6855)

Knipper, J., Menges, A. : 2011, ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2010, A+U: Timber Innovation, 07/2011 No.490, pp. 10-15.

Irlwek, M. and Menges, A.: 2011, Variant Generation and Convergence in Computational Design Processes based on Horst Rittel´s Design Methodology, in: Connecting Brains Shaping the World – Collaborative Design Spaces, EuropIA 13 Conference 2011, Sapienza Universitá di Roma (Italy), 08–10 June 2011, pp. 139-158. (ISBN: 979-1-090094-05-5)

Menges, A., Schleicher, S. and Fleischmann, M.: 2011, Research Pavilion ICD/ITKE, in: Fabricate: Making Digital Architecture, London, 15–16 April 2011, pp. 22-27. (ISBN: 978-1-926724-09-6)

Dierichs, K., Fleissner, F. and Menges, A.: 2011, Interrelation of experiment and simulation in the development of Aggregate Architectures, Digital Proceedings of the International Symposion on Algorithmic Design for Architecture and Urban Design (ALGODE) in Tokyo (Japan) 14-16 March 2011.

Knippers, J., Menges, A. : 2011, Research Pavilion ICD/ITKE, C3 Architecture-Landscape-Urbanism, Vol. 27 No. 317 01/2011, pp. 120-127. (ISSN: 2092-5190)

Reichert, S. and Menges. A.: 2010, Responsive Surface Structures, Bionik: Patente aus der Natur, Proceedings of Fifth Bionics Conference, Bionik-Innovations-Centrum (B-I-C), Bremen (Germany) 22-23. Oktober 2010, pp. 28-35. (ISBN 978-3-00-033467-2)

Menges, A.: 2010, Integral Computational Design: Synthesizing Computation and Materialization in Architecture, AMIT International Journal for Architecture and Modern Information Technologies, Vol. 4 No. 03/2010. (ISSN: 1998-4839)

Menges, A.: 2010, Material Information: Integrating Material Characteristics and Behavior in Computational Design for Performative Wood Construction, In:Formation, Proceeding of the 30th Conference of the Association For Computer Aided Design In Architecture (ACADIA), New York City (USA) 28-24 October 2010, pp. 151-158. (ISBN 978-1450734714)

Dierichs, K. and Menges, A.: 2010, Material Computation in Architectural Aggregate Systems, In:Formation, Proceeding of the 30th Conference of the Association For Computer Aided Design In Architecture (ACADIA), New York City (USA) 28-24 October 2010, pp. 372-78. (ISBN 978-1450734714)

Ahlquist, S. and Menges, A.: 2010, Realizing Formal and Funcional Complexity for Structurally Dynamic Systems in Rapid Computational Means, in: Ceccato, C., Hesselgren, L., Pauly, M., Pottmann, H., Wallner, J. (Eds.), Proceedings of Advances in Architectural Geometry Conference 2010, Vienna, Springer, Berlin, pp. 205-220. (ISBN: 978-3709103081)

Menges, A.: 2010, Architektonische Form- und Materialwerdung am Ãœbergang von Computer Aided Design zu Computational Design, Detail, Vol. 50 No. 05/2010, pp. 420-425. (ISSN: 0011-9571)

Menges, A. : 2010, Membrandach der Architectural Association in London, Detail, Vol. 50 No. 05/2010, pp. 454-457. (ISSN: 0011-9571)

Dierichs, K. and Menges, A.: 2010, Natural Aggregation Processes as Models for Architectural Material Systems, in: Proceedings of the Design and Nature Conference 2010, Pisa, Italy, Southampton, WIT Press, pp. 17-27. (ISBN: 978-1845644543)

Menges, A.: 2010, Form Generation and Materialization at the Transition from Computer-aided to Computational Design, Detail (English Edition), Vol. 2010 No. 04, pp. 330-335. (ISSN: 1614-4600)

Menges, A.: 2010, AA Membrane Canopy in London, Detail (English Edition), Vol. 2010 No. 04, pp. 350-353. (ISSN: 1614-4600)

Menges, A.: 2010, A Novel Synthesis of Computational Form Generation and Materialisation, Journal of Materials in Architecture – Mimarlıkta Malzeme, Vol. 5 No.15/2010, pp.33-40. (ISSN 1306-6501)

Menges, A.: 2010, Instrumental Geometry, in Corser, R.(ed.), Fabricating Architecture: Selected Readings in Digital Design and Manufacturing, Princeton Architectural Press, New York. (ISBN 978-1568988894)

Menges, A.: 2010, Material Systems, Computational Morphogenesis and Performative Capacity, in Hensel, M. , Menges, A. , Weinstock, M., Emergent Technologies and Design, Routledge, Oxford, pp. 43-61 (ISBN 978-0415493437)

Menges, A.: 2010, Performative Wood: Integral Computational Design for a Climate-Responsive Timber Surface Structure, in Mostafavi, M., Doherty, G. (eds.), Ecological Urbanism, Lars Müller Publishers, Baden, pp. 522-527. (ISBN 978-3037781890)

Menges, A.: 2010, Uncomplicated Complexity: Integration of Material, Form, Structure and Performance in Computational Design, GAM Nonstandard Structures, No. 6, pp. 140-151. (ISBN: 9783211992098)

Kraft, S., Menges, A.: 2010, Simple Systems – Complex Capacities, ArchPlus, No. 196, pp. 6-9. (ISSN 0587-3452)

Menges, A.: 2009, Performative Wood: Integral Computational Design for Timber Construction, reform: Building a Better Tomorrow, Proceeding of the 29th Conference of the Association For Computer Aided Design In Architecture (ACADIA), Chicago (USA) 21-25 October 2009, pp. 66-74. (ISBN 978-0984270507)

Menges, A.: 2009, Integral Computational Design for Composite Spacer Fabric Structures: Integral Processes of Form Generation and Fabrication for Sandwich Structured Composites with 3D Warp-Knitted Textile Core, Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design, 27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings, Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 289-298. (ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9)

Fleischmann, M., Ahlquist, S.: 2009, Cylindrical Mesh Morphologies: Study on Computational Meshes Based on Parameters of Force, Material, and Space for the Design of Tension-Active Structures, Computation: The New Realm of Architectural Design, 27th eCAADe Conference Proceedings, Istanbul (Turkey) 16-19 September 2009, pp. 39-46. (ISBN 978-0-9541183-8-9)

Fleischmann, M., Ahlquist, S., Menges, A.: 2009, Articulating Boundaries of Computational Meshes, Proceedings of Design Modeling Symposium Berlin 2009, pp. 197-203. (ISBN 978-3-89462-177-3)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2009, Holz Form Findung, ArchPlus, No. 193, pp. 106-109.

Menges, A.: 2009, Wechselwirkungen / Interazoni / Interactions, Zona #4 in Abitare, No. 494, 08/2009, pp. 7-12.

Menges, A.: 2009, Postagriculture, in Liu, Y.-T., M., Lim, C.-K. (eds.), New Tectonics – Towards a New Theory of Digital Architecture, Birkhaeuser, Basel, pp. 38-39. (ISBN 978-3764386917)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2009, Patterns in Performance-oriented Design, Architectural Design, Vol. 79 No. 6. (ISBN 978-0470699591)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2009, The Heterogeneous Space of Morpho-Ecologies, in Hensel, M., Hight, C., Menges, A. (eds.), Space Reader: Heterogeneous Space in Architecture, John Wiley and Sons, London, pp. 182-201. (ISBN 978-0470519424)

Hensel, M., Hight, C., Menges, A.: 2009, En route to a Discourse on Heterogeneous Space beyond Modernist Space-Time and Post-modernist Social Geography, in Hensel, M., Hight, C., Menges, A. (eds.), Space Reader: Heterogeneous Space in Architecture, John Wiley and Sons, London, pp. 8-36. (ISBN 978-0470519424)

Menges, A.: 2008, Responsive Surface Structure, Pasajes Arquitectura, No. 100, pp. 89-91. (ISSN 15751937)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Form- und Materialwerdung: Das Konzept der Materialsystem, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 18-25. (ISSN 05873452)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Gebaute Umwelt und Heterogener (Lebens)Raum: Das Konzept der Morpho-oekologie, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 26-30. (ISSN 05873452)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Performance als Forschungs- und Entwurfskonzept, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 31-37. (ISSN 05873452)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Von der universellen zur performativen Komponente, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 38-45. (ISSN 05873452)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Materialsysteme: Verformungen, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 46-55. (ISSN 05873452)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Materialsysteme: Gradientensysteme, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 56-65. (ISSN 05873452)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Materialsysteme: Membranen, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 66-75. (ISSN 05873452)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Materialsysteme: Aggregate, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 76-85. (ISSN 05873452)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Grenzueberschreitungen Architektur – Biologie, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 99-101. (ISSN 05873452)

Menges, A.: 2008, Rapid Manufacturing 1:1, ArchPlus, No. 188, pp. 102-105. (ISSN 05873452)

Menges, A.: 2008, Integral Design – Computational Form and Material Gestalt, in Menges, A. (ed.): 2008, Systemisches Denken und Integrales Entwerfen – System Thinking and Integral Design, Hochschulverlag HFG Offenbach, Offenbach. (ISBN: 978-3921997697)

Menges, A.: 2008, Manufacturing Performance, Architectural Design, Vol. 78 No. 2, pp. 42-47. (ISBN 978-0470516874)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Performance in Morpho-Ecological Design, Architectural Design, Vol. 78 No. 2, pp. 06-13. (ISBN: 978-0470516874)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Sunguroglu, D.: 2008, Material Performance, Architectural Design, Vol. 78 No. 2, pp. 34-41. (ISBN: 978-0470516874)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Inclusive Performance: Efficiency versus Effectiveness, Architectural Design, Vol. 78 No. 2, pp. 54-63. (ISBN: 978-0470516874)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Membrane Spaces, Architectural Design, Vol. 78 No. 2, pp. 74-79. (ISBN: 978-0470516874)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Aggregates, Architectural Design, Vol. 78 No. 2, pp. 80-87. (ISBN: 978-0470516874)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Designing Morpho-Ecologies – Versatility and Vicissitude of Heterogeneous Space, Architectural Design, Vol. 78 No. 2, pp. 102-113. (ISBN: 978-0470516874)

Menges, A.: 2008, Integral Formation and Materialisation: Computational Form and Material Gestalt, in B. Kolarevic and K. Klinger (ed.), Manufacturing Material Effects: Rethinking Design and Making in Architecture, Routledge, New York, pp. 195–210. (ISBN 978-0-415-77574-8)

Hensel, M., Kamvari, O., Menges, A.: 2008, Performance-Oriented Design, Iranian Architecture Quarterly, Vol. 8 No. 31 & 32, pp. 13-25.

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2008, Differentiated and Multi-Performance Material Systems, Iranian Architecture Quarterly, Vol. 8 No. 31 & 32, pp. 81-87.

Menges, A.: 2008, Lounge Landscape, AIT Magazine, No. 4/2008, pp. 40-41. (ISBN: 19456171090)

Ahlquist, S., Fleischmann, M.: 2008, Elemental Methods for Integrated Architectures: Experimentation with Design Processes for Cable Net Structures, International Journal of Architectural Computing, Vol. 6 – No. 4, pp. 453-475

Ahlquist, S., Fleischmann, M.: 2008, Material & Space: Synthesis Strategies based on Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Silicon + Skin: Biological Processes and Computation, Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA), Minneapolis 16-19 October 2008, 66-71 (ISBN 9780978946340)

Hemberg, M., O Reilly, U.-M., Menges, A.: 2007, Architects’ Experience with an Emergent Design Tool, in Machado, P. and Romero, J.(eds.), The Art of Artificial Evolution, Springer, Berlin, pp. 167-189. (ISBN: 978-3540728764)

Menges, A.: 2007, Computational Morphogenesis, Proceedings of the Third International Conference of the Arab Society for Computer Aided Architectural Design, pp. 725-744. (ISBN: 977-3283828)

Menges, A.: 2007, Higher Level Integration in Architectural Design, ERA 21 Architectural Journal, 2007 No. 5, pp. 44-48. (ISSN 1801089X)

Menges, A.: 2007, New Synergies: Integral Processes of Computational Morphogenesis, Architektura Murator, Vol. 151 No.4, pp. 96-101. (ISSN 1232-6372)

Menges, A.: 2007, Responsive Surface Structures, in Beesley, P., Neumann, O. (eds.), Future Wood: Innovation in Building Design and Construction, Riverside Architectural Press, Vancouver, pp. 74-79. (ISBN: 978-0-9780978-2-0)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2007, Nested Capacities, Gradient Thresholds and Modulated Environments: Towards Differentiated Multi-Performative Architectures, in Lally, S., Young, J., Softspace, Routledge, Oxford, pp. 52-67. (ISBN: 978-0-415-40202-6)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2006, Morpho-Ecologies – Towards a Discourse of Heterogeneous Space in Architecture, in Hensel, M., Menges, A., Morpho-Ecologies, AA Publications, London, pp. 16-61 (ISBN 190290253X)

Menges, A.: 2006, Polymorphism, Architectural Design, Vol. 76 No. 2, pp. 78-87. (ISBN 0470015292)

Menges, A.: 2006, Instrumental Geometry, Architectural Design, Vol. 76 No. 2, pp. 42-53. (ISBN 0470015292)

Menges, A.: 2006, Manufacturing Diversity, Architectural Design, Vol. 76 No. 2, pp. 70-77. (ISBN 0470015292)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2006, Differentiation and Performance: Multi-performative Architectures and Modulated Environments, Architectural Design, Vol. 76 No. 2, pp. 60-69. (ISBN 0470015292)

Hensel, M., Menges, A.: 2006, Material and Digital Design Synthesis: Integrating Material Self-Organisation, Digital Morphogenesis, Associative Parametric Modelling and Computer-Aided Manufacturing, Architectural Design, Vol. 76 No. 2, pp. 88-97. (ISBN 0470015292)

Felipe, S., Menges, A., Truco, J.: 2005, Integral Envelopes, in Estevez, A. T. (ed.) Genetic Architectures: Digital Tools and Organic Forms, Sites Books, Barcelona, pp. 108-117 (ISBN: 093082959X)

Menges, A.: 2005, Pluripotent Components – An Alternative Approach to Parametric Design, AA Files, No. 52, pp. 63-74. (ISBN: 1902902440)

Menges, A.: 2004, Postagriculture, in Stacey, M. (ed.), Digital Fabricators, University of Waterloo Press, Waterloo, pp. 58-62. (ISBN 1897001037)

Menges, A.: 2004, Postagriculture, The Architects Journal, No. 9/2004, pp. 46-50. (ISSN 00038466)

Menges, A.: 2004, The Postagriculture Project, World Architecture Review, No. 94/95, pp. 110-115. (ISSN 10008373)

Menges, A.: 2004, Morpho-Ecologies: Approaching Complex Environments, Architectural Design, Vol. 74 No. 3, pp. 80-89. (ISBN: 0470866888)

Hemberg, M., Menges, A., O’Reilly, U.-M.: 2004, Evolutionary Computation in Architecture, Architectural Design, Vol. 74 No. 3, pp. 48-53. (ISBN: 0470866888)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock, M.: 2004, Emergence in Architecture, Vol. 74 No. 3, pp. 6-10. (ISBN: 0470866888)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock, M.: 2004, Manufacturing Complexity, Vol. 74 No. 3, pp. 72-79. (ISBN: 0470866888)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock, M.: 2004, Fit Fabrics, Vol. 74 No. 3, pp. 40-47. (ISBN: 0470866888)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock, M.: 2004, Frei Otto in Conversation with the Emergence + Design Group, Vol. 74 No. 3, pp. 18-25. (ISBN: 0470866888)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock, M.: 2004, Foreign Office Architects in Conversation with the Emergence + Design Group, Vol. 74 No. 3, pp. 34-39. (ISBN: 0470866888)

Hensel, M., Menges, A., Weinstock, M.: 2004, Engineering Design: Working with Advanced Geometries, Vol. 74 No. 3, pp. 64-71. (ISBN: 0470866888)

Menges, A.: 2004, The Landscape Playhouse Project, in Liu, Y.-T., Diversifying Digital Architecture, Birkhaeuser, Basel, 89-93. (ISBN 3764371609)

Menges, A.: 2003, The Postagriculture Project, AB Arhitektov Bulletin, No. 161-162, pp. 58-59. (ISSN 0352982)

Menges, A.: 2003, The Postagriculture Project, in Liu, Y.-T., Developing Digital Architecture, Birkhaeuser, Basel, pp.106-111 (ISBN 3764321652)

Menges, A.: 2003, The Postagriculture Project, AA Files, No. 49, London, pp. 87-93 (ISBN 1902902343)

Menges, A.: 2003, The Postagriculture Project, in Papadakis, A. (ed.), Innovation: From Experimentation to Realisation, Papadakis Publisher, London, pp. 64-69 (ISBN 190109250X)

PUBLICATIONS OF PROJECTS

Klanten R, Ehmann S, Borges S, Feireiss L .: 2012, Going Public, Public Architecture, Urbanism and Interventions, pp. 34-35. (ISBN-13: 978-3899554403)

Durand, B.: 2012, En attendant le futur, Architectures Avivre, No. 67, p. 20. (ISSN: 1625-7456)

Pfäffinger, J.: 2012, Die Eleganz des Stuttgarter Seeigels, Baumeister, No.7/2012, p. 89. (ISSN: 0005-674X)

Fernández-Galiano, L.: 2012, Analogías orgánicas, Arquitectura Viva, No. 141, pp. 50-51. (ISSN: 0214-1256)

Yu Mi, H.: 2012, Process: ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2011, C3 Architecture-Landscape-Urbanism Vol. 27 No. 328 / 2012, pp. 32-37. (ISSN: 2092-5190)

Knippers, J.: 2012, Von Seeigeln und Strelitzien, DB Deutsche Bauszeitung, No. 3/2012, pp. 64-67. (ISSN: 0721-1902)

Dauner, C. M.: 2012, Vom Seeigel lernen, Mikado, No. 1-2.2012, p. 8.

Gray, D.: 2012, Forschungspavillon ICD/ITKE, 2011 European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture, Mies van der Rohe Award, pp. 180-183. (ISBN: 978-84-92861-76-7)

Kaltenbach, F.: 2012, Primitive Hut of the Future? Bionic Research Pavilion in Wood, Detail English Edition, No. 2/2012, pp. 118-119. (ISSN: 1614-4600)

Lukas, M.-H.: 2011, ICD/ITKE Forschungspavillon 2011, Adato, No. 3/2011, p. 36-39.

Kaltenbach, F.: 2012, Urhütte der Zukunft? Bionischer Forschungspavillon aus Holz, Detail, No. 1+2/2012, pp. 5-8. (ISSN: 0011-9571)

Steele, B., Gonzalez de Canales, F.: 2011, Net Works: An Atlas of Connective and Distributive Intelligence in Architecture, AA Publications, London. (ISBN 978-1907896149).

Schreck-Offermann, U.: 2011, Bauen nach bionischem Vorbild, Building Research Summaries Journal, Vol. 52 No. 6/2011, p. 7. (ISSN: 0177-3550)

Kraft, B.: 2011, Klima-Reaktor „FAZ Sommer-Pavillon“, DBZ Deutsche Bauzeitschrift, No.12 / 2011, pp. 22-24. (ISSN: 0947 9430)

Pestalozzi, M.: 2011, Praxis in der Forschung II, Architektur-Technik, Vol. 34 No. 11/2011, pp. 106-107.

Pawlyn, M.: 2011, Biomimicry in Architecture, RIBA Publishing, London, p.47. (ISBN: 978-1859463758)

Wilke, C.: 2011, Efeu, Spinnennetz und Fliegenei – die Natur als Entwickler, Bauwelt Vol. 102, No. 31/2011, pp. 26-31. (ISSN: 0005-6855)

Burry, M.: 2011, Scripting Cultures – Architectural Design and Programming, Wiley, London, pp. 40-42. (ISBN: 978-0470746417)

Burry, J., Burry, M.: 2011, The New Mathematics of Architecture, Thames & Hudson, London, pp. 68-71. (ISBN: 978-0500342640)

Lienhard, J. Fleischmann, M., Dsouza, D., Schleicher, S. : 2011, Biegung erwünscht, Bauen mit Holz – Fachzeitschrift für Konstrukteure, No.02 / 2011, pp. 30-34. (ISSN: 005 6545)

Koch, K.: 2011, Feinarbeit, Holzbau Magazin, Vol. 16 No. 3 / 2011, pp. 34-37.

Gunsser, C.: 2011, Flechtwerk, Baumeister, Vol. 108 No. B1 2011, p. 9. (ISSN: 0005-674X)

Jacob-Freitag, S.: 2011, Experiment mit Spannung, Mikado – Unternehmermagazin für Holzbau, No.01-02 / 2011, pp. 26-29. (ISSN: 0944 5749)

Brandt, T.: 2011, Jahrzehnt der Nachhaltigkeit, Berliner Zeitung – Immobilien, No.52 / 2.1.2011, pp. 2-3.

Ruby, A., Ruby, I.: Re-Inventing Construction, Ruby Press, Berlin, 2010, p. 239. (ISBN: 978-3981343625)

Lane, T.: 2010, Isn’t it surprising? What you can do with a computer and some strips of 6.5mm plywood, Building Magazine, 01.10.2010, pp. 18-19.

Herwig, O.: 2010, Schmelzkaeseberge und ein Aufmarsch von Amöben, Sueddeutsche Zeitung, 29.12.2010, p. 13.

Reischer, P.: 2010, Praxis in der Forschung, Architektur-Technik, Vol. 33 No. 11 Nov. 2010, pp. 120-121.

Pestalozzi, M.: 2010, Ein Wesen aus Sperrholz, Architektur Fachmagazin, No. 7 Oct. 2010, p. 16. (ISSN: 1606-4550)

Schreck-Offermann, U.: 2010, Innovativer Bau an der Uni Stuttgart durch neuartige Entwurfsmethoden und Simulationen, Building Research Summaries Journal, Vol. 51 No. 5/2010, p. 7. (ISSN: 0177-3550)

Tambornini, S.: 2010, Quintessential Design – Flexurally elastic structure in birch plywood, MD International Design Scout, No. 12/2010, pp. 16-19. (ISSN: 0343-0642)

Nuljsink, C.: 2010, Achim Menges and Jan Knippers use a little to make a lot, Mark, No. 29 Dec 2010, pp. 206-209. (ISSN 1574-6453)

Kaltenbach, F.: 2010, Teaching by Doing – A Research Pavilion in Stuttgart, Detail (English Edition), Vol. 2010 No. 06, pp. 559-561. (ISSN: 1614-4600)

Schroepfer, T.: 2010, Material Design, Birkhaeuser, Basel, pp. 171-176. (ISBN: 978-3034600354)

Kaltenbach, F.: 2010, Teaching by Doing – Forschungspavillon in Stuttgart, Detail, Vol. 50 No. 10/2010, pp. 994-995. (ISSN: 0011-9571)

Gunsser, C.: 2010, Material ist teuer, Geometrie ist billig, DB Deutsche Bauzeitung, Vol. 144 No.10 / 2010, pp. 70-71. (ISSN: 0721 1902)

Langenbach, M.: 2010, Temporaerer Pavillon aus Sperrholz, Bauen mit Holz – Fachzeitschrift fuer Konstrukteure, No.09 / 2010, pp. 8. (ISSN: 005 6545)

Hartmann, G.: 2010, Futuristische Leichtig keit, Mikado – Unternehmermagazin fuer Holzbau, No.09 / 2010, pp. 10. (ISSN: 0944 5749)

Hoefler, C.: 2010, Performanz der Form – Prozessorientiertes Entwerfen in der Architektur, in Avanessian, A., Hofmann, F. (eds.), Raum in den Kuensten, Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Munich, 2010, pp. 195-206. (ISBN: 0978 3770546589)

Weinbrenner, K.-H.: 2010, Selbsttragende Konstruktion aus Holz, Holz-Zentralblatt, Vol. 136 No. 30 / 2010, pp. 01.

Groessinger, B.: 2010, Pavillon spannt sich wie ein Flitzebogen, Stuttgarter Zeitung, No. 168 / 2010, pp. 24.

Walliser, T.: 2010, Laptops in der Werkstatt / Notebooks in the Workshop, Detail, Vol. 50 No. 05/2010, pp. 438-440. (ISSN: 0011-9571)

Sauer, C.: 2010, Made Of…: New Materials Sourcebook for Architecture and Design, Gestalten Verlag, Berlin, pp. 36, 186-187. (ISBN: 978-3899552935)

Wegenroth, S.: 2010, Virtual World, Technicity Magazin fuer Innovation, Technologie, Mobilitaet, No. 01/2010, pp.92-93. (ISSN: 2190-0515)

Liu, Y.-T., M., Lim, C.-K. (eds.): 2009, New Tectonics “ Towards a New Theory of Digital Architecture, Birkhaeuser, Basel, pp. 118-125. (ISBN 978-3764386917)

Yazici, S.: 2009, Yeniliki Malzeme Sistemleri, Mimarlikta Malzeme, Vol. 04 No. 14, pp. 42-48. (ISSN 13066501)

Foges, C.: 2009, Architectural Association at Ecobuild, EcoTech Sustainable Architecture, No.19 02/2009, pp. 26-27. (ISSN 14745054)

Morris, R.: 2009, Fundamentals of Product Design, AVA Academia Press, Lausanne, pp. 146-147. (ISBN 978-2940373178)

Schettler, U.: 2009, Diskurs: Das Ornament als Versprechen, AIT Magazine, No. 3/2009, pp. 76-79. (ISSN: 01738046)

Leach, N., Weiguo, X. (eds): 2008, (Im)material Processes: New Digital Techniques for Architecture, China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing, pp. 176-179. (ISBN 978-7112103959)

Grobman, Y., Neuman, E. (eds): 2008, Performalism: Form and Performance in Digital Architecture, Tel Aviv Museum of Art Publications, Tel Aviv, pp.98-105. (ISBN 978-9657161739)

Jaeschke, A.: 2008, Environmental Intensifiers, Architectural Design, Vol.78 No. 2, pp. 88-95 (ISBN: 978-0470516874)

Hensel, M., Sunguroglu, D.: 2008, Performance Oriented Design / Nesnenin Cevresiyle Kurdugu Iliski, XXI Architecture and Design, No. 4/2008, pp. 10-14. (ISSN: 13039598)

Rosanzky, K.: 2008, Sitzlandschaft, Deutsche Bauzeitung, No. 03/2008, pp.110 (ISSN: 00114782)

Kritzler, H.: 2007, Lounge Landscape, Workshop Magazine, No. 12/2007, pp.18 (ISSN: 0934-585X)

Metzger, R.: 2007, Lounge Landscape, Materialica Journal for Product Engineering, No.05/2007, pp. 56 (ISSN: 1865-3197)

Horndasch, G., 2007, Material und Design, Material+Technik Moebel, No. 07/2007, pp. 34

Furjan, H.: 2007, Cities of Complexity, in Abruzzo, E., Ellingsen, E. and Solomon, J.(eds.), 306090 Books Volume 11, 306090 Publishers, New York, pp. 52-63 (ISBN: 978-1-56898-734-7)

Hensel, M., Sunguroglu, D.: 2008, Architecture as Adventure / Karmafianin Basitligi, XXI Architecture and Design, No. 5/2007, pp. 74-78. (ISSN: 13039598)

Last, N.: 2007, From Exclusion to Incorporation: Formalism’s New Limits, MIT Publications Thresholds Magazine, No. 33.

Hensel, M.: 2006, Evolving Synergy, Architectural Design, Vol. 76 No. 05, pp. 104-108. (ISBN 978-0470026526)

Tierney, T.: 2006, Abstract Space: Beneath the Media Surface, Routledge, Abingdon, pp. 22-23 / 99-103. (ISBN 978-0415402002)

Sousa, J. P.: 2006, A Tecnologia Digital e a Investigacao em Arquitectura, Arquitectura e Vida, No.69, pp. 22-27. (ISSN 10730135)

Alison, J.: 2006, Future City – Experiment and Utopia in Architecture 1956-2006, Thames & Hudson, London, pp. 241. (ISBN 978-0500286517)

Bates, A.: 2006, A Canopy, Icon Magazine, No. 07/2006, pp. 31. (ISSN 9771479945017)

Adria, M., Campo Baeza, A., Forster, K., Hadid Z. (eds): 2005, 10×10_2: 100 Architects 10 Critics, Phaidon Press Limited, London, 2005, pp. 264-267 (ISBN: 0-7148-4441-1)

Neumann, O.; 2005, The Influence of Digital Media on Architectural Education and Practice, Architecture and Ideas Magazine Vol. 5 No.1, pp. 4-17. (ISSN: 1205-7592)

Stov Holt, M. (ed.): 2005, Blobjects and Beyond, Chronicle Books LLC, San Francisco, 2005, pp.170-191. (ISBN: 0811847659)

Manfra, L.: 2005, Shape Shifter, Metropolis Magazine, No. 01/2005, pp. 32 (ISSN: 0279-4977)

Hemberg, M., O’Reilly, U.-M.: 2004, Extending Grammatical Evolution to Evolve Digital Surfaces, Proceedings of Euro Genetic Programming Conference, Springer, Berlin, pp. 299-308. (ISBN 3540213465)

Forster, K. W. (ed.): 2004, Metamorph Trajectories, Marsilio Editori, Venice, pp. 42 (ISBN 88-317-8533-8)

Najle, C.: 2004, Hot Spot London, in Leach, N., Wei-Guo, X. (eds.), Fast Forward: Hot Spot Brain Cells, Map Book Publishers, Hong Kong, pp. XX. (ISBN 962-86040-7-4)

Yamasaki, I.: 2004, New Trends of Architecture, Fram Kitagawa, Tokyo, pp.26-29 (ISBN 4773804068)

Lynn, G.: 2004, Constellations in Practice, PRAXIS: Journal of Writing and Building, No. 06/2004, pp.08-17. (ISBN 0-9703140-6-X)

Hensel M.: 2004, OCEAN NORTH – Curvature Logic. Byggekunst 04/2004, pp. 16-29. (ISSN 0007-7518)

Castle, H.: 2004, Emergence in Architecture, AA Files, No. 50, pp. 50-61. (ISBN 1-902902-33-5)

Suzanne S., Luna I., Broadhurst R. (Eds): 2004, Imagining Ground Zero, Rizzoli, New York, pp. 138.

Liu, Y. : 2004, Postagriculture, World Architecture Review, No. 94-95, pp. 110-115 (ISSN 1000-8373)

Bosmann, J.: 2004, Postagriculture, de Architect, No. 09/2004, pp. 18. (ISSN 0925-6830)

Burkeman, O.: 2002, What architects believe should rise from the ashes of the World Trade Center site, The Guardian, 19.01.2002, pp. 5.

Melvin, J.: 2003, It’s in the genes, The Architects Journal, No.7/2003, pp.78 (ISSN 00038466)

Hensel, M.: 2002, Feed it Forward: An approach towards Time-based Design and Architecture of Change, Maja Estonian Architectural Review, No. 02/2002, Vol. 33, pp.19-21 (ISSN 1023-0742)

Sotamaa, K.: 2002, Arkkitehtuurin Velhokoulu, Muoto Magazine, No. 03-04/2002, Vol. XX., pp. 62-65. (ISSN 48853993)

Protetch, M.: 2002, A New World Trade Center, Harper Collins Publishers, New York, pp. 110-111. (ISBN 0-060520167)

Kleis, B.: 2002, Landscape Playhouse, Arkitekten, No. 20/2002, Vol. 104., pp.33. (ISSN 0004-189x)

“Material Computation in Architecture”
IAAC Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia, Barcelona, 16.05.2013

“Material Computation”
Die Angewandte, University of Applied Arts, Vienna, 23.04.2013

“Future Integration”, Keynote Future Traditions Conference 2013
University of Porto, Porto, 05.04.2013

“Intgeration von Form, Material, Strukture”, Keynote DGfGG Conference
Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 07.03.2013

“Performative Morphology in Architecture”
Osaka Sangyo University, Osaka, 16.02.2013

“Performative Morphology in Architecture”
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 15.02.2013

“Material Computation in Architecture”
Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, 13.02.2013

“Performative Morphology in Architecture”
BAU 2013 – Building the Future, Munich, 17.01.2013

“Morphospaces of Robotic Fabrication”, Keynote Robots in Architecture Conference 2012
Technical University of Vienna, Vienna, 18.12.2012

“Material Computation”, Keynote Digital Matters Conference 2012
University of Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, 23.11.2012

“Coalescences of Machine and Material Computation”
Elisava School of Design and Engineering, Barcelona, 22.11.2012

“Material Computation”, Keynote Scaleless-Seamless Conference 2012
Muenster School of Architecture, Muenster, 16.11.2012

“Coalescences of Machine and Material Computation”
Architectural Association, London, 01.11.2012

“Material Computation”
Bartlett University College London, London, 31.10.2012

“Make: Machine and Material Computation”
Columbia University, New York City, 29.10.2012

“Aggregate Architecture”, F-A-R Conference 2012
University of Chicago, Chicago, 27.10.2012

“Material Computation”, Keynote ACADIA Conference 2012
California College of Arts, San Francisco, 19.10.2012

“Material Computation”
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 18.10.2012

“Material Computation”
University of Oregon, Eugene, 17.10.2012

“Material Computation”
University of Oregon, Portland, 16.10.2012

“Material Computation”
Estonian Academy of Arts, Tallinn, 27.09.2012

“Material Computation”, AD Material Computation Symposium
German Museum of Architecture, Frankfurt, 05.06.2012

“Computational Morphogenesis”, BIONA Conference 2012
University of Applied Sciences HTW Saarland, Saarbruecken, 10.05.2012

“Material (In)formation: Computing Material Gestalt”
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 21.03.12

“Performative Wood” Dach & Holz International 2012
Architekturforum Messe Stuttgart, Stuttgart, 02.02.2012

“Material Computation” Hamburg Chamber of Architects
Academy of Arts Hamburg, Hamburg, 01.02.2012

“Material Computation”
McGill University, Montreal, 28.11.11

“Integrative Design Computation” AA EmTech Masterclass
Architectural Association, London, 26.10.11

“Integrative Design Computation” ACADIA Conference 2011
The Banff Centre, Banff, Canada, 13.10.11

“Material Computation”
Georgia Tech, College of Architecture, Atlanta, 12.10.11

“Integrative Material-oriented Computational Design” Design Modelling Symposium 2011
Berlin University of the Arts, Berlin, 11.10.11

“Material und Machine Computation” VIII. Congress of the German Association of Aesthetics
Academy of Fine Arts, Düsseldorf, 07.10.11

“Computational Design Synthesis” eCAADe Conference 2011
University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, 26.05.11

“Material Computation” Material Vision Conference 2011
German Design Council, Messe Frankfurt, 26.05.11

“Material Computation” ArchiTextile International Conference 2011
ETH Zurich, 20.05.11

“Material Computation”
Technical University of Berlin, 05.05.11

“Material (In)Formation”
SCI-Arc Southern California Institute of Architecture, Los Angeles, 26.03.11

“Material Computation”
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 25.03.11

“Biomimetic Approaches to Computational Design”, Internat. Biomimetics Convention 2011
Biokon Berlin, 17.03.2011

“Material Computation”
ETH Zurich, 20.12.10

“Form- und Materialwerdung“
Architekturgespräch Munich, 25.11.10

“Material (In)Formation“
Architectural Association London, 08.11.10

“Form und Findung“, Frei Otto 85 Symposium / Ceremony
Stuttgart University, 26.10.10

“Aggregate Architectures“, ACADIA Conference 2010
Cooper Union, 24.10.10

“Material Information“, ACADIA Conference 2010
Cooper Union, 23.10.10

“Design Computation and Materialisation“
Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, 15.10.10

“Material (In)Formation“
Aalborg University, 14.10.10

“Material Computation“
GSD Harvard University, 07.09.10

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt“
Staedelschule Frankfurt, 09.06.10

“Material (In)Formation”, Space Activism Conference
Institute for Spatial Experiments, University of the Arts Berlin, 09.06.10

“Uncomplicated Complexity”, Digital – Material – Structural Conference
Free University of Bolzano, 01.06.10

“Integral Computational Design”
Technical University of Munich, 26.05.10

“Integral Materialisation: Computational Design and Digital Fabrication”
ETH Zurich, 06.05.10

“Tectonic Prototypes – Material Computation”, Smart Geometry Conference 2010
Palau de la Música Barcelona, 23.03.10

“Material: strukturiert und performativ”, Contractworld Conference
Messe Hannover, 17.01.2010

“Integral Formation and Materialisation”
Academy of Arts, Vienna, 11.01.10

“Integral Computational Design”, Biomimetics in Architecture Conference,
ITKE Stuttgart University, 27.11.09

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”, MIT Computation Group Lecture Series,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 20.11.09

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt“, Architektur Diskurs
Kunsthaus Bregenz, 30.10.09

“Integral Computational Design for Timber Structures”, ACADIA Conference 2009
Art Institute of Chicago, 24.10.09

“Integral Computational Design for Composite Structures”, eCAADe Conference 2009
Technical University Istanbul, 18.09.09

“Computerbasierte Morphogenese: Integration von Form- und Materialwerdung”
Stuttgart University, 09.07.2009

“Integrale Form- und Materialwerdung”, Digital Matters Symposium
University of Applied Science Trier, 26.06.2009

“Bionics and Design”
International Centre for Cultural and Technical Research Stuttgart, 10.06.2009

“Integrale Form- und Materialwerdung”
University of Applied Science Munich, 13.05.2009

“Integrale Form- und Materialwerdung”, Biomimietics Competence Network Conference
Freiburg University, 14.05.2009

“Material Systems: Computational Modulations”, Smart Geometry Alumni Summit 2009
San Francisco, 31.03.2009

“Integral Formation and Materialisation”
London South Bank University, 23.02.2009

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”, AIT Discussion Round
Messe Frankfurt, 15.01.2009

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”
University of Arts Berlin, 22.01.2009

“Emergent Technologies”, Urban Ecologies Symposium
Ecole Speciale d’ Architecture Paris, 12.12.2008

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”, ETH DFAB Lecture Series Digital Craft
ETH Zurich, 04.12.2008

“Integrale Form- und Materialwerdung”
University of Kassel, 28.11.2008

“Integrale Form- und Materialwerdung”
Technical University Braunschweig, 18.11.2008

“Complex Wood”
German Design Council, Frankfurt, 17.11.2008

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”, Architectural Biennale Beijing
Tsinghua University, Beijing, 25.10.2008

“Integral Composite Design and Prototyping”, TU Delft Symosium: Composites in Architecture,
Technical University Delft, 29.05.2008

“Morpho-Ecologies”, Bauhaus Symposium: The Intelligence of Structures,
Bauhaus Dessau, 22.05.2008

“Vesatility and Vicissitude”
DAM German Museum of Architecture, Frankfurt, 08.05.2008

“Computerbasierte Material und Formwerdung”
University of Hannover, 22.04.2008

“Vesatility and Vicissitude”
Architectural Association, London, 14.03.2008

“Parametric Form – A new Paradigm in Design”, Smart Geometry Conference
BMW Welt Munich, 05.03.2008

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”, Smart Geometry Alumni Summit
Munich, 04.03.2008

“Material und Formwerdung”, 100th Anniversary Deutscher Werkbund,
Museum of Applied Arts, Frankfurt, 26.11.2007

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”
Royal Academy of Arts Copenhagen, 23.11.2007

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”
Staedelschule Architecture Class, Frankfurt, 22.11.2007

“Entwurfsstrategien für eine Integration aus Form- und Materialwerdung”
BMW Advanced Design Centre, Munich, 16.10.2007

“Computational Form and Material Gestalt”, International MMFX Symposium
Indianapolis Museum of Modern Art, 06.04.2007

“Computational Morphogenesis”
University of Innsbruck, 13.03.2007

“Parametrisches Entwerfen”
University of Applied Arts Vienna, 07.03.2007

“Parametric Design in Education, Research and Practice”, Smart Geometry Conference 2007
Cooper Union, New York, 31.01.2007

“Integral Form Generation and Materialisation”, Creative with(in) Constraints Symposium
Columbia University, New York, 30.01.2007

“Emergent Technologies”, SG Academic Summit,
Columbia University, New York, 30.01.2007

“Computational Design: Versatility and Vision”, Smart Geometry Workshop 2007
New York, 28.01.2007

“The Performative City”,
Berlage Institute, Rotterdam 12.12.2006

“Integrale Form- und Materialwerdung”
Technical University of Darmstadt, 05.12.2006

“Morpho-Ökologische Entwurfsstrategien”
DAM German Museum of Architecture, Frankfurt, 27.11.2006

“Morpho-Ecologies”
Architectural Association, London, 03.11.2006

“Parametric Design Strategies”
Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, 09.10.2006

“Morphogenetische Entwurfsstrategien”
University of Kassel, Germany, 30.05.2006

“Polymorphismus – Morphogenetische Entwurfsansätze”
DAM German Museum of Architecture, Frankfurt 19.05.2006

“Material Systems and Morphogenetic Design”
Czech Technical University, Prague 10.05.2006

“Digitale Morphogenese”
HfG Offenbach University for Art and Design, Germany, 27.04.2006

“Simple Systems – Complex Capacities”
Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil, 03.04.2006

“Differentiation in Nature and Design”
Architectural Association, London, 17.03.2006

“Techniques and Technologies in Morphogenetic Design”
Architectural Association, London, 16.03.2006

“Polymorphism”
Architectural Association, London, 16.03.2006

“Integral Computational Design”, Building Information Modelling Executive Summit
London, 04.11.2005

“Integral Formation and Materialisation Processes”
ESARQ/UIC International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, 28.09.2005

“Synergic Processes of Formation and Materialisation”
ELISAVA University School of Design, Barcelona, 15.06.2005

“Integral Envelopes”
ESARQ/UIC International University of Catalunya, Barcelona, 14.06.2005

“Polymorphic Systems”, International Bentley Conference 2005
Baltimore Convention Center, Baltimore, 08.05.2005

“Manufacturing Diversity”
Architectural Association, London, 25.02.2005

“Morpho-Ecological Design”, Modulations Kennon Symposium,
Rice University School of Architecture, Houston, 15.11.2004

“Integral Design”, Extreme Makeover Symposium
NAI Architectural Institute of the Netherlands, Rotterdam, 28.10.2004

“From Parametric Polymorphism to Digital Typogenesis”
ETH Zurich, 22.10.2004

“Morphogenetic Design Strategies”
Urban Center New York City, 21.09.2004

“Morphogenesis in Design”
Cooper Union, New York City, 20.09.2004

“Inclusive Design Strategies”, BORDERS: SHARE(D) SPACE Symposium
IUAV Architectural University of Venice, 08.09.2004

“Evolutionary Computation in Design”
Architectural Association, London, 15.05.2004

“The Postagriculture Project”, Archiprix International
Genoa, 13.05.2004

“Morphogenesis in Design”
Tokyo University, Tokyo, 13.04.2004

“Morphogenesis in Design”
University of East London, London, 09.03.2004

“Morphogenesis in Design”
London Metropolitan University, London, 04.03.2004

“Advanced Simulation and Generative Design”
Architectural Association, London, 13.02.2004

“Experimental Pneumatic Structures”
BauKunstStoff Messe, Pirmasens, Germany, 19.09.2003

“The Postagriculture Project”
AHO School of Architecture Oslo, 01.11.2002

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